lundi 5 mars 2007

Est-il vraiment utile d’avoir un plan d’affaires?

C’est le titre d’un article du journal Les Affaires
Effectivement on peut se poser cette question lorsqu’on est dans une période de démarrage d’entreprise. Une étude universitaire américaine du College Babson démontre qu’il n’y a pas de différence entre les taux de réussite des entreprises ayant fait un plan d’affaires et celles qui n’en ont pas. Autant il est conseillé de préparer un plan stratégique, un plan marketing ou plan financier pour une entreprise déjà en activité qu’il est prématuré de rédiger un plan d’affaires pour un projet d’entreprise qui n’a pas encore démarré. J’ai relevé 10 quiproquos concernant la préparation d’un plan d’affaires et cela me permet de dire qu’il faut élaborer un autre document avant même de songer à composer un plan d’affaires. Nous appellerons ce document un « Dossier d’occasion d’affaires ».

34 commentaires:

Anonyme a dit…

Trop d'efforts et d'investissements reposent uniquement sur le plan d'affaires. Un outil certes, mais loin d'être idéal. Toute amélioration est bienvenue. D'ailleurs la remise en question du plan d'affaires est bien amorcée aux États-Unis bien sûr, mais aussi en Grande-Bretagne. Il est temps que les choses bouges un peu. Il est temps d'avoir un modèle plus efficace pour évaluer une opportunité d'affaires, que le plan d'affaires. Mon expérience m'a démontré qu'une trop grande dépendance au plan d'affaires pour les évaluateurs comme pour l'entrepreneur est presque toujours pernicieuse

Anonyme a dit…

Bien que je sois d'accord avec monsieur Ananou d’examiner la pertinence du plan d’affaires, je crois toutefois qu'il est un outil de communication nécessaire, particulièrement au Québec.
Il est reconnu, qu’un plan d’affaires n’est pas nécessaire si l’équipe et le modèle d’affaires ont beaucoup de potentiels. Ceci est particulièrement vrai aux États-Unis ou les VCs s’arrachent le prochain CiscoGoogleYouTubeMySpace.
Dans le vrai monde, spécialement au Québec, la vulgarisation de l’idée se fait encore et presque toujours avec un plan d’affaires. Une des raisons est que le financement disponible au Québec provient, à plus de 80%, des fonds gouvernementaux (CDPQ, IQ) ou sociaux (FTQ, CSN). Ces fonds sont des généralistes et n’ont pas de spécialistes dans des domaines de pointes tel Sequoia Capital aux ÉU. Pour comprendre des projets innovateurs, ils n’ont souvent que le plan d’affaires comme outil de vulgarisation.

Anonyme a dit…

Que conseilleriez-vous à 2 jeunes entrepreneurs qui ont déjà mis sur pied un projet informatique et qui souhaiteraient mettre toutes les chances de leur côté pour le financer? Partout où nous sommes allés, on s'est fait dire qu'il nous fallait absolument un plan d'affaires pour espérer recevoir toute forme de financement.

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